SSBD (Systematic Screening for Behavior Disorders)
Developer: Walker & Severson | Year: 2014.0
Overview
A tool used to identify students at risk for externalizing and internalizing problems. In Stage 1 educators rank order their class along the two dimensions. In Stage 2, three scales are used to determine if students exceed normative criteria (scales: Critical Events Index, Adaptive Behavior Rating Scale, Maladaptive Behavior Rating Scales). Typically, three students in each category move on to Stage 2.
Key Details
Grade Level
Assessment Type
Domains Assessed
Respondent
Method
Cost
$11 per classroom screening packet
Time per Student
10 min
Items
In Stage 1, 5 students are nominated. In Stage 2, educators complete 56 items for 6 students (3 on the Internalizing Behavior Form and 3 on the Externalizing Behavior Form).
Item Format
Rank Order / Frequency / Checklist
Approach
Dual-Factor
Populations
Initial evidence for the SSBD was gathered from samples of elementary students in the Pacific Northwest (Walker et al., 1990).
Scoring
Overall Scores
Combined Frequency Index
Subscale Scores
Externalizing & Internalizing Behavior Forms include an Adaptive and Maladaptive Behavior index.
Scoring Procedures
Self-scored
Interpretive Information
Degree of Risk
Psychometric Properties
Reliability
In its development, the SSBD was found to have adequate interrater reliability (r = .48) and test-retest reliability (r = .35) for internalizing problems in Stage 1; false positives and negative error rates were also found to be low (4% and 9%, respectively; Feil et al., 1995; Walker et al., 2014)
Validity
In developing the measure, Walker et al. (1990) found robust factorial, criterion-related, and discriminant validity.
References
Primary Citation
Walker, H. M., Severson, H. H., & Feil, E. G. (2014). Systematic screening for behavior disorders (SSBD) technical manual: Universal screening for preK-9 (2nd ed.). Pacific Northwest Publishing.
Additional Citations
Feil, E. G., Walker, H. M., & Severson, H. H. (1995). The early screening project for young children with behavior problems. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 3(4), 194-202. https://doi.org/10.1177/106342669500300401
Walker, H. M., Severson, H. H., Todis, B. J., Block-Pedego, A. E., Williams, G. J., Haring, N. G., & Barckley, M. (1990). Systematic Screening for Behavior Disorders (SSBD): Further Validation, Replication, and Normative Data: Further Validation, Replication, and Normative Data. Remedial and Special Education, 11(2), 32-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/074193259001100206